SAXIIXA HESHIISKA “TẾT”

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HUNG NGUYEN MANH ¹

     Maalmahan, ereyga "Tết" waxaa loo tixgeliyay dalal gaar ah nooc aad u asal ah “Fasax” ee Fiyatnaamiis, fasaxa weyn xoogaa way ka duwan yihiin kuwa quruumaha kale ee aagga ku yaal (Jabbaan, Kuuriya…) waxaana saameyn ku yeeshay dhaqanka Shiinaha. Si kastaba ha noqotee, cilmi-baarayaal badan ayaa isku dayey inay raadiyaan halka ay ka yimaadeen isha ereygan oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda "Tiết" ee Shiinaha. Sidaas darteed, "Taag" waa wax aan ka yaraynin si khaldan ugu dhawaaqida ereyga "muddo". Markii la horumarinayo, sharaxani wuxuu umuuqdaa mid xiise badan sida "Waa hagaag" sidoo kale waa khalad khalad ah loogu dhawaaqayaa dhawaaqyada 2 Sino-Vietnamese "Waa hagaag”(Micnaha Tết ama Maalinta Sannadka Cusub), ereyada badanaa loo adeegsado muujinta "Taasna waan ka helay(Tết wuu dhow yahay). Muuqaal aad u cajiib badan ayaa ah "waan ka xumahay”(Maalinta caadiga ah iyo maalinta Tết) taas oo shuruudaha "tự" iyo "muddo" waxay ka soo jeedaan labada eray ee sino-Fiyatnaamiis "Waa taa". Micnaha " Kaligiis" waa habka isku xigxiga ee sanadka, xilli, maalin, bil, sidaas, "tết tự" waxaa loola jeedaa xisaabinta waqtiga iyadoo la yiraahdo amar isku xigxiga oo lagu aasaasayo noocyo kala duwan oo ah "Tết" ²

     Nguyên đán (nguyên macnaheedu waa bilow, đán macnaheedu waa aroorta) waxaa loola jeedaa subaxda maalinta koowaad ee sannadka dayaxa. Nguyên đán waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan "Chinh án"Ie"Ciqaab chin ah”Oo macnaheedu yahay subaxdii koowaad ee bisha koowaad. Ka sokow, dadku sidoo kale waxay isticmaalaan ereyga “Waa hagaag”Oo macnaheedu yahay 3 subax (subaxdii koowaad ee sannadka dayaxa, subaxdii koowaad ee xilliga, subaxdii koowaad ee bisha dayaxa).

     Intii lagu jiray taariikhda Shiinaha, “Waa Nguyên Đán"Marar badan ayaa la beddelay:

- Xilligii boqortooyadii Saddexda Boqor ee Dhismaha Boqortooyada, bisha “Dn"(shabeelku) waxaa loo doortay bisha ugu horreysa ee dayax-gacmeedka sannadka si loo xuso Tết (tani waa sababta oo ah xilligaas dadku waxay jeclaan jireen midabka madow)

- The Dhismaha Shang doortay bisha “Sửu"(duufaan) bisha ugu horreysa.

- The Dawladii Tch'ou doortay bisha “Tỵ"(jiirka sidii bishii koowaad) (sida dadka waagii hore jeclaa midabka casaanka).

- Gudaha Xilligii Bari Tch'ou, Confucius qaatay nidaamka Hia sidaas Tết ayaa mar kale loo beddelay bishii “Dn"(shabeelku).

- The Dawladdii Ts'in mar kale waa la beddelay Tết galay bisha “H .i"(doofaarka) taas oo ah bisha tobnaad.

- Boqortooyada Han waxay raacday Confucions waxayna mar labaad doorteen bishii "Dần" (shabeelku) ie bisha koowaad ee bisha.

     Waqtigaas wixii ka dambeeyay, “Waa Nguyên Đán”Ayaa xasilloon oo maalinta iyo bishii dib looma beddelo.

      Sababta ay dadku u leeyihiin xulashooyinka xasaasiga ah ayaa ah in dhisme kasta uu leeyahay ra'yi u gaar ah, laakiin, dhab ahaantii dhammaan fikradaha noocan oo kale ah waxay ka soo jeedaan qaybta fikirka oo waqti siiya mudnaan gaar ah weligeed ilaa abuuridda adduunka. TheJiir"(mouse) saac waa waqtiga dhista, "Sửu"(Buffalo) saac waa waqtiga dhulku soo noolaado iyoDn"(shabeel) saac waa waqtiga Aadanaha dhasho.

FIIRO GAAR AH:
¹ Associate Professor HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Dhaqtarka Falsafada Taariikhda.
²  Sida laga soo xigtay PHẠM ĐÌNH TÂN - Bandhig Fiyatnaamiis xilliga Gu'ga - Tinh Vi --t Suugaanta Almanac - Guga Mậu Tuất - Waxaa lagu daabacay Saigon sanadkii 1958, p.55.

BAN TU THU
01 / 2020

FIIRO GAAR AH:
◊ Xigasho: Fiyatnaamiis Bishii Fiyatnaamiis - Sannadlaha Weyn - Asso. Prof. HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Dhakhtarka cilmiga fiyoolajiyadda taariikhda.
Text Qoraal geesinimo leh iyo sawirada sepia-ka waxaa dejiyay Ban Tu Thu - thanhdiavietnamhoc.com

ARAG SIDOO KALE:
◊  Laga soo bilaabo Sawirro bilowgii qarnigii 20aad ilaa cibaado dhaqameed iyo xaflad.
◊  Dareenka dadka muujiya - Ka walwal digaagga iyo keega.
◊  Sannadka Cusub ee Fiyatnaam - vi-VersiGoo
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